Improvement in furnace-grates



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No. 215,274. Patented May 13,1879.

WITNESSES H. P. HAYDB'N. Funaoe-Gratq.

Patented May 13, 1879.

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4Sheets-Sheet 4. v H. F). HAYDEN. Fumaroel-Gramm.v

No. 215,274. Y Patented May/13,1819..

" QP WW WITNESSES y ATTORNEY UNITED VSTATES PATENT OEEIcE.

HENRY E. HAYDEN, 0E WASHINGTON, DISTRICT 0E COLUMBIA, ASSIeNoE ToELIZABETH S. HAYDEN,`oE SAME PLAGE.

IMPROVEMENT IN FURNACE-GRATES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 215,274, dated May 13,1879;

.April 2, 1879.

To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that l, HENRY F. HAYDEN, of Washington, in the District ofColumbia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in RenewableGrates for Furnaces; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full,clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enableothers Skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use it,reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form part ofthis specification.

My invention relates to an improvement in renewable furnace-grates, theobject being to provide a grate for furnaces of Such construction thatit will admit of the supply of the maximum quantity of air to the bed ofburning fuel, will be thoroughly protected against rapid destruction byreason of the warping of the bars, due to expansion and contraction,will withstand great heat without danger of burning out the bars, orcausing the slug to melt upon and become rmly attached to the uppersurface 0I' the grate, and also a grate so constructed that anysectionthereof may be readily renewed at small expense without removing ordisturbing the main portion of the grate; and with these several ends inview my invention consists, first, in the combination, with abearing-bar, of renewable gratebar Sections, each of which consists of acentral web furnished with a series of short transverse grate bars, theupper surface ot' the central web and transverse bars constructed withintersecting ash channels or grooves.

My invention further consists in the combination, with a bearin g-bar,of renewable gratebar sections, each of which consists of a central webfurnish ed with a series of short transverse grate bars having roundedends, the upper surfaces of ,the central web and transverse barsconstructed with ash channels or grooves, and the extreme ends of thetransverse bars being provided with aslrpockets.

My invention further consists in the combination, with a bearing-barprovided with a suitA ablenumber of perforations, of renewable gratebarsections, each of which is constructed with a central web furnished witha series of short transverse grate-bars having ash channels or groovesin their upper Surfaces, and provided application tiled with ashouldered shank, which ts into one of the perforations in thebearing-bar.

My invention further consists in the several other details ofconstruction and arrangement of parts, as will hereinafter be described,and pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a plan view of my improvedrenewable furnace-grate. Fig. 2 is a detail end view, and Fig. 3 a sideview. Fig. 4 is a modification, illustratin g a counterbalance-weightattached to the bearing-bar to retain the renewable gratesections inhorizontal position. Fig.. 5 is an enlarged view, in perspective, of oneof the grate-sections. Fig. 6 is a modiiied form of construction forsecuring the grate-sections to the bearing-bar, and Fig. 7 is a moditiedconstruction of grate-section.

A represents the side bars ot' afurnace-grate, and may be secured to theinner walls of the water-legs B of a locomotive tlrebox by means of thebolts a, extending through the elongated slots` or openings b in theside bars. This method of attachment allows ofthe free expansion andcontraction 0I" the sidebars without injury to the water-leg of thetire-box, or

causing undue strain on the fastening-bolts. Instead of securing theside bars to vthe irebox of a locomotive, it may be secured to or withinthe side walls of the tire-box of a stationary boiler in any suitablemanner, it being understood that my grate is equally, well adapted foruse either in stationary or portable tire-boxes. Y Side bars, A, areprovided with openings C, located at any desired distance v apart,within which openings are supported the opposite ends of thebearing-,bars D. It' the bearing-bars are designed to bestationary,

their ends will be provided with ilat bearings, Y

to prevent any rocking movement of the bars 0r grate-sections whilein-use. If, on the other v hand, it is desired t0 rock the bearing-barsand grate-sections secured thereto, the opposite ends of the bars willbe made cylindrical or semi-cylindrical, to insure such manipula tion ofthe grate.

Bearing-bars D are preferably constructed of inverted-Ushaped form, inorder that ashes will be prevented from lodging on the upper.l suriacesof the, same7 and thus insure free and open air-passages through allparts of the grate, while the depending flanges c c dispose the metal insuch a manner that a comparatively light bearing-bar will be of amplestren gth to resist the transverse strain brought to bear thereon by theweight of the bed of fuel.

E represents the renewable grate-sections, and are constructed withacentral web, F, having the short transverse grate-bars G projectinglaterally at right angles from opposite sides thereof. The upper surfaceof the'central web, F, is formed with a channel or groove, d, with whichintersect the series of ash channels or grooves e, formed in the uppersurfaces of the several transverse grate-bars G. The outer ends of thebars Gr are provided with slightly-enlarged rounded ends f, w'ithin theupper ends of which are formed ash-pockets g. To the central web, F, isconnected a shank, H, of angular form, which ts within acorrespondingly-formed socket or perforation in the bearing-bar, andthus the grate-sections are prevented from rotating or becomingdisplaced. Shank His furnished with a shoulder, h, which rests upon theupper surface of the bearing-bar, and thus supports the bed of burningfuel at a sufficient distance above the bearing-bar to effectuallyprevent the undue heating of the same.

The peculiar form of my improved gratesections is of great importance insecurin gvaluable and improved practical results. The short transversebars project only a slight distance from the central web, with whichthey" are connected, and thus are prevented from becoming warped ordisarranged by the eX- pansion and contraction of the metal, due to heatand cold. Should the heat be sufficiently great to warp the bars, theycannot bend sufficiently to clog or seriously impair the utility of thegrate-surface, as the enlarged rounded ends of the bars, if forced incontact with one another, will preserve a free passage for air betweenthe grate-bars and around their ends. The ash grooves or channels in theupper surfaces of the transverse grate-bars and central web allow of thedeposit and retention of a protecting bed of ashes over the entiregrate-surface, and this surface prevents the direct action of the heaton the bars and central web, and hence insures a much longer existenceto the grate. Again, the comparatively sharp sides constituting the ashchannels or grooves in the upper surface of the renewable grate-surfacegreatly facilitate the slicing of the re, as the ashes and consumedportions of the fuel are readily detached by stirring the fuel.

The rounded ends of the transverse gratebars not only increase thedurability of the bars, as this form does awaywith sharp corners, which,if unprotected, are quickly attacked and burned away by the lheat, butsuch rounded ends also facilitate the slicing of the re, as theslicing-bar, when forced to and fro over the grate-surface, -will bedeflected laterally when the end thereof strikes one of the roundedends, and thus the slicing` ofthe fire is rendered more complete andeffectual without any corresponding increase of labor to the attendant.

In Fig. l of the drawings I have represented the bearing-bars as beingeach provided with four renewable grate-sections; but it is evident thata greater or less number of such sections may be attached to a singlebearing-bar.

I have set forth some of the many advan- I tages resulting from theemployment of a grate constructed in accordance with my invention; butone of the prime objects and a valuable feature of my invention is, thatthe grate-sections may be readily renewed, and the entire gratepreserved in complete working order at a small cost.

In all furnaces the different portions of the grate-surface aresubjected to varying degrees of heat, and herein the main portion of thegrate may be in good condition while a single portion is burned away.When grate-bars running the width or length of the tire-box areemployed, it is often necessary to remove and throw away an entire bar,for the reason that one end or that some portion of the bar has beenburned away. This is expensive, notonly by reason of the great Waste ofmaterial, but much time and labor is called for in the removal andreplacement of the grate bars now in use. j

In my improved grate it is only necessary to remove that portion of thegrate which has become impaired and unfit for use, and this is readilyaccomplished without disturbing the remaining portion of the gratesurface, and also effected without any undue waste or loss of material.

I do not limit myself to any particular method of attaching therenewable grate-sections to the bearing-bar, as they may be secured bymeans of a pin, I, extending through the shank below the bearing-bar; orthe bearing-bar may be formed with arms K, and the grate-sections with asocket, L, which fitsupon said arm, as illustrated in Fig. 6.

If desired, acounterbalance-weight, M, may be attached or cast solidwith the bearing-bar, when the latter isdesigned to rotate asillustrated in Fig. 4, said weight serving to retain the grate-sectionsin a horizontal position.

Again, the grate-sections may be held in stable equilibrium byconstructing the bearing-bars with crank-arms, and arranging thegrate-sections so that the upper surfaces thereof will be below ahorizontal plane cutting the axes of said crank-bearings.

Fig. 7 shows a modified construction of grate-sections, the ends of thetransverse bars being perforated to admit of the passage of a current ofair, and thus supply the bed of fuel with air-jets at the extreme endsof the bars, which will have the effect of keeping the ends frombecoming heated to the point of fusion.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination, with a bearing-bar, of detachable and renewablegrate-bar sections, each consisting of a central web furnished with aseries of short transverse grate-bars, the upper surfaces of the centralweb and l transverse bars provided with intersecting ash channels orgrooves, constructed and arranged substantially as set forth.-

2. In a furnace-grate, the combination, with a bearing-bar, of renewablegrate-bar sections,

each constructed with a centralv web furnished 3. In a furnace-grate,the combination, with a bearing-bar provided with'any suitable number ofperforations or sockets, of renewable grate-sections, each constructedwith a central web furnished with a series of short transversegrate-bars having ash channels or grooves in their upper surfaces, and"provided with a shouldered shank adapted to fit within one of theopenings or sockets in the bearing-bar, substantially as set forth.

4. In a furnace-grate, the combination, with a bearing -bar providedwith a depending counterbalanee-weight, of renewable grate-bar sections,each constructed with a central web furnished with a series of shorttransverse grate-bars, the upper surfaces of said central web andtransverse bars constructed with ash channels or grooves, substantiallyas set forth. 5. In a furnacegrate, the combination, with a series ofbearing-bars, of a series of `renewable grate-sections, each of thelatter consisting of a central web furnished with short transversegrate-bars provided with enlarged rounded ends, substantially as setforth..

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my.. handAthis 1st day of April, 1879.

HENRY F. HAYDEN.

Witnesses:

F. O. McGL-EARY, A. W. BRIGHT.

